Indicia reader safety

ABSTRACT

Indicia readers may be configured with two illumination light sources: a primary light source for illuminating primary indicia (e.g., a barcode) and a secondary ultraviolet (UV) light source for revealing secondary indicia (e.g., UV fluorescent watermarks) that are used to protect against counterfeit and fraud. Ultraviolet light can be harmful. The present invention embraces methods and a device for controlling the secondary UV light source to limit UV exposure. When an exposure risks is detected, the UV light source is deactivated.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

The present application claims the benefit of U.S. patent applicationSer. No. 15/262,365 for Indicia Reader Safety filed Sep. 12, 2016 (andpublished Mar. 30, 2017 as U.S. Patent Publication No. 2017/0091502),now U.S. Pat. No. 9,767,337, which claims the benefit of U.S. PatentApplication No. 62/234,985 for Indicia Reader Safety filed Sep. 30,2015. Each of the foregoing patent applications, patent publication, andpatent is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety.

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to indicia readers and more specifically,to imaging scanners configured with an ultra-violet (UV) light sourceand a mechanism for limiting UV exposure.

BACKGROUND

Point of sale systems are used at checkout to tally items for payment,process the payment, and update the store's inventory. These systemshave computing capabilities and often use multiple data collectiondevices.

One data collection device is the indicia reader (i.e., barcodescanner). Indicia readers are available in multiple varieties, and arecommonly found at a retail store's point of sale (i.e., checkout). Thesereaders can conveniently scan a variety of indicia types (e.g.,barcodes) to obtain product information for use during the checkoutprocess.

Besides barcodes, other information is often required at checkout.Sometimes, items require a customer to present some information forlegal or security reasons. For example, a customer may be required topresent proof of age/identity (e.g., a driver's license) to purchasealcohol or verify a credit card's ownership.

Unfortunately, sometimes the items presented at checkout may not bevalid or authentic. Extra scrutiny and record keeping is increasinglyrequired to prevent loss and/or liability. Failing to detect invalid orcounterfeit items and/or create a record of verification could result infines or loss.

Invisible security marks may be used for item verification. Thesesecurity marks may be printed or affixed to items and may be detectedand/or decoded by using some specialized process/device. For example,security marks may be printed using invisible ink that fluorescesvisibly when illuminated with ultraviolet light.

Many of these extra processes take extra time and utilize specialequipment. The extra time required for checkout may annoy both thecustomer and the merchant, and the special equipment may require extraspace at checkout, which is not always available. What is more, overtsecurity processes may bother some customers and may help violatorsunderstand and work around these processes.

As a result, indicia readers that can read indicia (e.g., barcodes) andrecord, authenticate, validate, and/or verify items at checkout havebeen suggested (e.g., U.S. patent application Ser. No. #14/662,922 for a“MULTIFUNCTION POINT OF SALE SYSTEM” which is hereby incorporated byreference in its entirety).

These indicia readers utilize a UV light source to illuminate invisiblesecurity marks as part of a security process. In some possibleembodiments, the indicia reader's UV source may be used inappropriately(e.g., pointed at a human, not deactivated after use, etc.). In thesecases, the UV illumination may result in damage and/or harm. As aresult, there exists a need for indicia readers having a UV light sourcealso to have an automatic safety feature to limit UV exposure.

SUMMARY

Accordingly, in one aspect, the present invention embraces acomputer-implemented method for controlling an indicia reader'sillumination. The method includes the step of activating a primary lightsource to illuminate a primary indicia on an item. The item's primaryindicia is then scanned to produce primary indicia information. The itemis then classified based on the primary-indicia information, and theitem's class is compared to classes stored in a memory. If the item'sclass matches one or more classes stored in the memory, then asecondary, ultra-violet (UV) light source is activated to illuminate asecondary indicia. The secondary UV light source is deactivated if anexposure risk to the secondary UV light source is detected or if thesecondary indicia is scanned to produce secondary-indicia information.

In an exemplary embodiment of the computer-implemented method, theexposure risk includes the expiration of a time-period.

In another exemplary embodiment of the computer-implemented method, theexposure risk includes the detection of a particular object in theindicia reader's field of view. In a possible embodiment, thisparticular object is a human or human body part, such as an eye.

In another exemplary embodiment of the computer-implemented method, theexposure risk includes the detection of a particular substance in theindicia reader's field of view.

In another exemplary embodiment of the computer-implemented method, theexposure risk includes a particular behavior in the indicia reader'sfield of view. In a possible embodiment, this particular behaviorincludes the item leaving the indicia reader's field of view.

In another exemplary embodiment of the computer-implemented method, theindicia reader is a hand-held or fixed-mount imaging scanner.

In another exemplary embodiment of the computer-implemented method, theitem is an identification document.

In another exemplary embodiment of the computer-implemented method, thesecondary indicia is a security mark to prove the item's authenticity.

In another exemplary embodiment of the computer-implemented method, thesecondary indicia is visible when illuminated by the secondary UV lightsource but is otherwise invisible.

In another exemplary embodiment of the computer-implemented method, theprimary light source is a visible light source and the primary indiciais visible under normal lighting conditions.

In another exemplary embodiment of the computer-implemented method, theprimary indicia is a barcode.

In another aspect, the present invention embraces a computer-implementedmethod for limiting UV light exposure from an indicia reader configuredto read UV sensitive security marks. The method includes the step ofdetermining that an item has one or more UV-sensitive security marks. AUV light source is then activated to read the UV-sensitive securitymarks. If a UV exposure risk is detected, then deactivating the UV lightsource.

In an exemplary embodiment of the computer-implemented method forlimiting UV light exposure from an indicia reader configured to read UVsensitive security marks, the exposure risk includes potential UVexposure of a human body par or an object/substance that is adverselyaffected by UV light.

In another exemplary embodiment of the computer-implemented method forlimiting UV light exposure from an indicia reader configured to read UVsensitive security marks, the UV exposure risk includes detecting thatthe item is no longer visible in the indicia reader's field of view.

In another exemplary embodiment of the computer-implemented method forlimiting UV light exposure from an indicia reader configured to read UVsensitive security marks, the method includes two additional steps afterthe UV light source has been activated. The first additional step isscanning at least one UV-sensitive security mark, and the secondadditional step is recording the at least one UV-sensitive security markfor further processing.

In another exemplary embodiment of the computer-implemented method forlimiting UV light exposure from an indicia reader configured to read UVsensitive security marks, the method includes two additional steps afterthe UV light source has been activated. The first additional step isscanning at least one UV-sensitive security mark, and the secondadditional step is recording the at least one UV-sensitive security markfor further processing. Here an exposure risk includes the expiration ofa time-period in which no security marks have been scanned and recorded.

In another aspect, the present invention embraces an imaging indiciascanner. The indicia scanner includes a camera for capturing images of afield of view. The indicia scanner includes a primary illuminationsubsystem for illuminated the field of view to enable primary indiciascanning. The indicia scanner also includes a secondary UV illuminationsubsystem for illuminating the field of view to enable UV-sensitiveindicia scanning. A memory for storing software and a database isincluded, wherein the database includes information corresponding toitems that require UV-sensitive indicia scanning. A processor isincluded as well. The processor is communicatively coupled to thecamera, the primary illumination subsystem, the secondary UVillumination subsystem, and the memory. The processor is configured bysoftware to perform a method. The method includes activating the primaryillumination subsystem and the camera when triggered by a user. Theprimary indicia is then scanned to produce primary indicia information.This primary indicia information is compared to the database and if theprimary indicia information matches at least a portion of the database,then the secondary UV illumination subsystem is activated. The secondaryUV illumination subsystem is deactivated if (i) the UV-sensitive indiciahave been scanned, (ii) an exposure risk has been detected, or (iii) atime period, in which no UV-sensitive indicia have been scanned and noexposure risks have been detected, has expired.

The foregoing illustrative summary, as well as other exemplaryobjectives and/or advantages of the invention, and the manner in whichthe same are accomplished, are further explained within the followingdetailed description and its accompanying drawings.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 schematically depicts an indicia reader and its typicalenvironment according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2a graphically depicts an indicia reader illuminating an objectwith a primary light source for indicia reading according to anembodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2b graphically depicts an indicia reader illuminating an objectwith a secondary UV light source for security mark reading according toan embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3a graphically depicts an indicia reader with an activatedsecondary UV light source according to an embodiment of the presentinvention.

FIG. 3b graphically depicts an indicia reader with a deactivatedsecondary UV light source, which results from the detection of anexposure risk, according to an embodiment of the present invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

The present invention embraces a method and device for limiting exposurefrom the UV radiation emitted from an indicia reader that is configuredto read UV sensitive marks on items.

Indicia (e.g., 1D-barcodes, QR codes, Aztec Codes, Data Matrix, text,etc.) may be affixed, printed, or otherwise attached to items to provideinformation regarding the item in a machine-readable format.

Indicia readers are devices for reading (i.e., scanning) indicia.Imaging indicia readers (i.e., imaging scanners, area-image scanners,imaging readers, etc.) may be hand-held (e.g., HONEYWELL™ XENON™ 1900)or fixed mount (e.g. in-counter scanners).

To obtain the information encoded in an indicia, a user triggers anindicia reader (e.g., by pulling a trigger, by pointing an indiciareader in streaming mode at an indicia, etc.) to capture digital imagesof an indicium (i.e., an indicia). In some embodiments, the indiciareader may illuminate its field of view with a visible (i.e., whitelight) source during image capture, especially in low lightingconditions. Illuminating the items during imaging helps insure that thecaptured digital images suitable for processing.

After capture, the digital images are processed using algorithms runningon a processor. The processor is either part of the indicia reader orpart of a host device communicatively coupled to the indicia reader. Ata minimum, the processor recognizes the indicia within the image anddecodes the indicia according to the indicia's type (e.g., QR code, OCR,etc.).

Often items are marked with various indicia. In some cases, itemsinclude a primary indicia to provide certain information regarding theitem and secondary indicia that helps verify/authenticate the item orthe person bearing the item. These security marks may be invisible to auser without the use of some special illumination (e.g., ultravioletillumination).

A UV light source may cause secondary indicia (i.e., security marks)created from UV sensitive materials (e.g., fluorescent dyes) tofluoresce visibly when exposed to UV light. For example, UV sensitivesecurity marks may be included on currency, driver's licenses,passports, and postage stamps to prevent counterfeiting. Documents mayalso include UV sensitive security marks to prevent forgery.

The UV light source emits UV radiation (i.e., light) in a range ofwavelengths about 100 nanometers (nm) to 400 nm at an intensity suitablefor viewing a security mark. UV light sources may be special equipmentdedicated to this purpose that are installed where security is necessary(e.g., a point of sale, a travel checkpoint, etc.). This special,single-purposed equipment is not ideal in some locations. For example,point-of-sale (i.e., checkout) locations may have little space foradditional equipment. In addition, this equipment is not well suited formobile applications (e.g., logistics, shipping, etc.). Indicia readers(e.g., handheld indicia readers) configured to read both primary indiciaand secondary indicia address these limitations.

FIG. 1 schematically depicts an indicia reader for reading primaryindicia (e.g., barcodes) and secondary indicia (e.g., UV sensitivesecurity marks). The indicia reader 1 includes an illumination subsystem20 for highlighting an item 2 for imaging, an imaging subsystem 10 forcapturing digital images the item within a field of view 11, a processor50 for controlling the indicia reader subsystems and for processing thecaptured images, and a computer readable memory 60 for storinginformation.

The illumination subsystem 20 includes a primary light source 30 thatemits visible radiation 31 (e.g., light in the wavelength range of 400nm-700 nm) when the indicia reader 1 is triggered (e.g., by pressing atrigger switch) to scan (i.e., read) a primary indicia 3. An exemplaryprimary light source may include one or more light emitting elements(e.g., light emitting diodes, laser diodes, etc.) directed and alignedwith the field of view of the indicia reader's imaging subsystem 11.

The illumination subsystem 20 also includes a secondary UV light source40 for illuminating UV sensitive indicia 4 with UV light 41. The UVlight source 40 may include one or more UV light emitting diodes. The UVlight source 40 is activated in one of a variety of ways. A user mayactivate the UV light source 40 manually (e.g., one or more pulls of atrigger). Alternatively, the UV light source 40 may be activated inresponse to particular information from a scanned barcode. For example,an item's barcode may have encoded information that indicates that thisitem is part a particular class of items (e.g., passports) that havesecondary indicia. After scanning the primary indicia, the indiciareader may compare the class of the scanned item with classes stored ina computer readable memory. A match may trigger the scanner to activatethe secondary UV light source. Deactivation of the secondary UV lightsource may be accomplished manually by a user (e.g., releasing atrigger), or automatically (e.g., after a secondary indicia is scannedand recorded).

The imaging subsystem 10 is designed to capture a digital image of afield of view 11 aligned with the illumination subsystem 20. To achievethis imaging, the imaging subsystem 10 may include an imaging lens orlenses to form a real image onto a sensor array. Optical filters mayalso be included to help remove stray light and/or enhance thevisibility of a security mark. The sensor may be a color ormonochromatic sensor. The sensor may use charge coupled device (CCD) orcomplementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) technology. For example,a sensor used for indicia reading may be a silicon CCD array, which issensitive to visible wavelengths.

The processor 50 controls the indicia reader subsystems and processesthe captured images. Exemplary processor types include one or morecontrollers, a digital signal processor (DSP), an image signalprocessor, an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), aprogrammable gate array (PGA), and/or programmable logic controller(PLC). The processor detects and decodes indicia (e.g., one-dimensional(1D) barcodes, two-dimensional (2D) barcodes, color barcodes, etc.). Theprocessor controls the subsystems and processes primary and secondaryindicia.

The computer readable memory 60 stores information. Exemplary memorytypes for use in the indicia reader 1 include read only memory (ROM),flash memory, and/or a hard-drive. The memory stores the necessarysoftware, reference libraries, databases, item classes, and results forprimary and secondary indicia reading and verification.

FIG. 2a and FIG. 2b graphically depict the use of an indicia readerconfigured with a primary light source and a secondary UV light source.FIG. 2a illustrates the indicia reader illuminating the driver's licensewith a primary light source so that the driver's license barcode may bescanned. FIG. 2b illustrates the indicia reader illuminating thedriver's license with a secondary UV light source so that the securitymark may be viewed and/or recorded with the imaging subsystem of theindicia reader.

There exists the potential for intentional or unintentional misuse ofindicia readers configured with UV light sources. Misuse is a safetyconcern. UV radiation may be harmful to certain materials. For example,UV radiation may cause degradation (e.g., photo-oxidation). UV radiationmay also be harmful to humans. For example, a human's skin and eyes aresensitive to damage (e.g., sunburn, skin cancer, photokeratitis, etc.)caused by UV radiation. Further, some skin conditions (e.g., rosacea)and diseases (e.g., lupus) may be aggravated by UV exposure.

Misuse can occur in a variety of ways. For example, the secondary UVlight may be activated by a user (or automatically in response to ascan) but not deactivated before it the indicia reader is pointed awayfrom the initial target and towards a human (e.g., the user's eye). Inanother example, the secondary UV light may be automatically in responseto a barcode scan but not deactivated before it the indicia reader ispointed away from the initial target and towards a human (e.g., theuser's eye). The misuse of the UV light source may present an exposurerisk.

Exposure risks can be recognized by sensing certain characteristics orbehaviors while the secondary UV light source is active. For example,the UV light remaining on for a time-period longer than a time limit maybe recognized as an exposure risk. In another example, an object orhuman entering the imaging subsystem's field of view may be recognizedas an exposure risk. In another example, a particular behavior, such asthe item being removed from the field of view, may be recognized as anexposure risk. In another example, recognizing a particular substancethat is adversely affected by UV light in the field of view may berecognized as an exposure risk. In still another example, recognizingthat the primary indicia is not visible may be recognized as an exposurerisk.

An exemplary embodiment of an indicia reader's use and misuse is shownif FIGS. 3A and 3B. FIG. 3A shows the indicia reader 1 scanning a UVsensitive indicia 4 on a driver's license. The secondary UV light sourceis ON and radiating UV light 41 towards the item 2 to make the securitymark 4 visible. FIG. 3B show that during this operation a user 5 rotatesthe indicia reader 1 away from the item 2. This action is detected as anexposure risk and UV light source 40 is turned OFF 42 (i.e.,deactivated) as a result.

To supplement the present disclosure, this application incorporatesentirely by reference the following commonly assigned patents, patentapplication publications, and patent applications:

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In the specification and/or figures, typical embodiments of theinvention have been disclosed. The present invention is not limited tosuch exemplary embodiments. The use of the term “and/or” includes anyand all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items. Thefigures are schematic representations and so are not necessarily drawnto scale. Unless otherwise noted, specific terms have been used in ageneric and descriptive sense and not for purposes of limitation.

The invention claimed is:
 1. A method comprising: activating a primarylight source to illuminate a primary indicia; scanning the primaryindicia with the first light source to produce primary-indiciainformation; comparing a class associated with the primary-indiciainformation to one or more classes stored in a memory; in response to amatching of the class associated with the primary-indicia informationwith one or more classes stored in the memory, activating a secondaryultra-violet light source to illuminate a secondary indicia.
 2. Themethod of claim 1, comprising deactivating the secondary UV light sourcein response to at least one of: detection of an exposure risk by thesecondary ultra-violet light source; and scanning of the secondaryindicia with the secondary ultra-violet light source to producesecondary-indicia information.
 3. The method of claim 2, wherein theexposure risk comprises the detection of a particular object in anindicia reader's field of view, the indicia reader comprising thesecondary ultra-violet light source.
 4. The method of claim 3, whereinthe particular object is a human or human body part.
 5. The method ofclaim 2, wherein the detection of exposure risk comprises detection of aparticular substance in the indicia reader's field of view, the indiciareader comprising the secondary ultra-violet light source.
 6. The methodof claim 2, wherein the detection of exposure risk comprises detectionof a particular behavior in the indicia reader's field of view, theindicia reader comprising the secondary ultra-violet light source. 7.The method of claim 6, wherein the secondary indicia is located on anitem and wherein the particular behavior comprises the item leaving theindicia reader's field of view.
 8. The method of claim 1, wherein ahand-held scanner or fixed-mount scanner comprises the primary lightsource and the secondary ultra-violet light source.
 9. The method ofclaim 1, wherein the primary indicia and the secondary indicia areprinted on one or more items.
 10. The method of claim 1, wherein thesecondary indicia is a security mark utilized to prove an item'sauthenticity.
 11. The method of claim 1, wherein the secondary indiciais visible when illuminated by the secondary ultra-violet light sourcebut is otherwise invisible.
 12. The method of claim 1, wherein theprimary light source is a visible light source and the primary indiciais visible under normal lighting conditions.
 13. A method comprising:scanning an item with a primary light source of an indicia reader toobtain indicia information pertaining to an item; determining at leastin part from the indicia information that the item has one or moreultra-violet-sensitive indicia; activating an ultra-violet light sourceof the indicia reader to read the ultra-violet-sensitive indicia; anddeactivating the ultra-violet light source in response to at least oneof: detection of an exposure risk by the ultra-violet light source;scanning of the ultra-violet-sensitive indicia with the ultra-violetlight source to produce secondary-indicia information; and expiration ofa pre-defined time-period.
 14. The method of claim 13, wherein thepre-defined time-period corresponds to one of: a time period requiredfor scanning the ultra-violet-sensitive indicia, a time-period in whichno ultra-violet-sensitive indicia have been scanned and no exposurerisks have been detected.
 15. The method of claim 13, wherein theultra-violet sensitive indicia corresponds to ultra-violet sensitivesecurity marks.
 16. The method of claim 13, wherein the exposure riskcomprises potential exposure of ultra-violet rays on (i) a human bodypart or (ii) an object/substance that is adversely affected byultra-violet light.
 17. The method of claim 13, wherein the exposurerisk comprises detecting that the item is no longer visible in theindicia reader's field of view.
 18. The method of claim 13, comprisingafter the ultra-violet light source is activated: scanning at least oneultra-violet-sensitive security mark; and recording the at least oneultra-violet-sensitive security mark for further processing.
 19. Themethod of claim 13, wherein the activating of the ultra-violet lightsource of indicia reader is based on one of a manual activation orautomatic activation depending at least in part from the indiciainformation.
 20. An indicia scanner, comprising: a camera for capturingimages of a field of view; a primary illumination subsystem forilluminating the field of view; a secondary ultra-violet illuminationsubsystem for illuminating the field of view; a memory; a processorcommunicatively coupled to the camera, the primary illuminationsubsystem, the secondary ultra-violet illumination subsystem, and thememory, wherein the processor is configured to: activate the primaryillumination subsystem and the camera upon receiving an input; scan aprimary indicia with the primary illumination subsystem to produceprimary-indicia information; in response to a matching of theprimary-indicia information with an indicia bearing information storedin the memory, activate the secondary ultra-violet illuminationsubsystem and the camera; and deactivate the secondary ultra-violetillumination subsystem in response to at least one of: scanning of theultra-violet-sensitive indicia; detection of an exposure risk; andexpiration of a pre-defined time period.
 21. The indicia scanner ofclaim 20, wherein the processor is configured to deactivate thesecondary illumination subsystem upon detection of a time-period inwhich no ultra-violet-sensitive indicia is being scanned and no exposurerisks to the secondary UV illumination subsystem is being detected.